Combined rule and square.



No. 7|5,I94. Patented Dec.v 2, |902.

.P. M. GALLI-WHW. COMBINED RULE AND SIIUARE.

(Application mi July a1. 1902.;

( llu Radiat.)

WTNESSES.' r @A A TTORNEY.

. UNITED STATES] PATENT OFFICE.,

PICKETTE M. CALLAHAN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

COMBINED RULE AND SQUARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 715,194, dated December 2, 1902- Application sied July 31, 1902. serial ND. 117.870. un man To a/ZZ whom, it' 11m/y concern.-

Beit known that I, PICKETTE M. CALLAHAN, a citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding at Denver, in the county of Arapahoeand State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Rule and Square; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference.`

being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in a combined carpenters-'rule and square; and it consists in changing the ordinary rule so that it shall be adaptedfor use as a carpenters square and also formeasuring angles.

In the ordinary construction of carpenters rule the hinge parts project into the angle formed by the two arms of the instrument. My improvement consists in cutting away these parts, so that when the arms are at right angles to each other or stand at any angle between ninety degrees and zero the hinge parts do not protrude into the interior angle, thus allowing the rule to fit the exterior angle of any body. In order to hold the two hinge parts together, one of them is provided with a curved slot through which a pin fast in the other part is passed. This construction pre-` vents the central hinge-pin attached to one hinge part from slipping out of the opening formed in the side of the perforation in the other hinge part. This opening in the side of the perforation is formed by cutting away the hinge parts, as aforesaid.

Having brieiiy outlined my improved construction, I will proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which is illustratedan embodiment thereof. f

In the drawings, Figure lis a fragmentary View of a carpenters rule provided with my improvements and shown in the closed position. Fig. 2 shows the same construction with the rule-arms extending at rightangles to each other. Fig. 3 illustrates the same with the arms forming an angle of forty-iive degrees. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail edge views rule parts.

of the two members. Figs. 6 and 7 are plan views in detail of the same.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in al1 the views.

Let the numerals 5 and 6, respectively, designate the two rule arms or members, which are provided with hinge parts 7 and S, respec tively. The part S is double or bifurcated and provided with a pin 9, which fits a recess 10, formed in the part 7, which is strad died by the part 8. As compared with the ordinary construction of rule one-fourth of each hinge part is cut away, as shown at 12 and 13, so that when the two rule members stand at right angles to each other, as shown in Fig. 2, or at a less angle, as shown in Fig. 3, the hinge parts do not protrude into the angle. Hence this construction makes the rule lit any exterior angle between ninety degrees and zero. By cutting out the hinge parts, as shown at 12, the perforation 1() is vopened on one side, which would allow the pin 9 to slip out, thus disconnecting the two To prevent this result, the hinge part 7 is provided with a curved slot 14, through which a pin 15, fast in the part 8, passes and in which the said pin travels dur ing the operation of opening and closing the rule members. The slot 14 is bounded by arcs struck from the hinge center of the rule.

vThe slot 14 is of sufficient length to allow the rule members the ordinary or-necessary range of movement. v

In Fig. 2 is illustrated the manner of applying the rule to a square body, which is illustrated by dotted lines and designated 16. The dimensions of the body are easily found in this manner. The manner of measuring a cylindrical body 17 is also illustrated in Fig. 2. The diameter of the body 17 may be observed with reasonable accuracy by glancing from'the tangential points 1S and 19 to the points 20 and 21 of the rule.

The member 5 of the rule is graduated and marked to indicate degrees, as yshown at 22, adjacent the curved shoulders 23, which the part 8 of the hinge` engages. This graduation is for measuring and marking angles.

From the foregoing description it will he understood that my improved instrument,

IOC

while capable of use for all purposes as a car- I I f g K penters rule, may also be employed to performthefnnetions of a square and calipers.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim isl. Arnle com posed of two hinged members, one having a perforation and the other a hinge-pin to engage said perforation, the hinged parts being ont away on the closing side of the rule to open the hinge-pin perforation, a portion of the hinge-pin being also ent away, the parts being arranged to allow the pin to slip into and ont of the pin-perforation freely, one of the hinged parts having a curved slot, and the other hinged part being provided with a pin passing through said slot, to retain the two parts in place when assembled.

2. A rule composed of two hinged members, one having a perforation and the other a hinge-pin to engage said perforation, the hinged parts being ont away on the closing side of the rule to open the hinge-pin perforation, a portion of the hinge-pin being also out away, the parts being arranged to allow the pin to slip into and ont of the pin-perfora tion freely, one of the hinged parts havinga curved slot, and the other hinged part being provided with a pin passing through said slot, to retain the two parts in place when assembled, one of the rule-members being gradn` ated and properly marked to measure angles, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PICKETTE M. CALLAHAN. Witnesses: l

DENA NELSON, IDA E. OBRIEN. 

